경관생태학적 환경영향평가기법에 관한 연구

Abstract

A study on the Landscape Ecological Method in Environmental Impact Assessment The aim of the study is to provide general guidelines for fauna and flora survey, impact evaluation and predication, and mitigation strategies in environmental impact assesment (EIA) applied by principles in landscape ecology. In order to suggest the application of methodologies in landscape ecology to present EIA system, the study has dealt with characteristics and problems of statements in fauna and flora category in EIA documents, theoretical background and research trends in landscape ecology, examination of possible application of landscape ecological principles, and analysis of landscape ecological traits in example areas as case studies. The study indicated and analyzed that the limitation of fauna and flora category in EIA resulted from uncovering many important portions, which are supposed to be analyzed and reviewed in ecosystem level such as structure and function of the system, and roles of habitats. The results presented that diverse ways in application of landscape ecological approaches using two different cases - a industrial park construction project and a road construction - in EIA reviews. Especially, both biotope classification and landscape ecological network analysis were applied for the case studies through the site visiting and study on the EIA documents. Most important aspect in applying diverse principles in landscape ecology to present EIA is how to make useful inventory to improve analysis of fauna and flora category. To meet this criterion, first of all, major and/or interested taxa should be analyzed or examined depending upon the kinds of projects and their localities, followed by second procedure that biotope identifications according to types of ecosystems or habitats. The study suggested that the second step should be completed by preliminary field survey results and other fundamental data such a topographical map. The result of the biotope identification and the comparative analysis of survey data would determined the priority order of conservation, which could play a critical role in impact prediction and mitigation establishment in EIA. The study suggested that the security of connectivity among ecosystems or biotopes could be a major device to maintain the function of ecosystem, while the results from network analysis could be used as core information for site suitability and mitigation formulation. As final, 3 propositions as additional guidelines for preparation EIA statement were described as followings; ① Understanding of spatial structure in local ecosystems, ② Identification of major biotopes, inventory, impact prediction, and mitigation establishment, and ③ Building ecological networks. By using conceptual approaches, the study showed the possible ways for the improved EIA methods based on principles of landscape ecology. It is also recommended that development of the detail and applicable techniques is needed as future study.