의약물질의 환경위해성 평가 체계 구축 방안
I. Introduction
1. Research Background and Rationale
2. Review of Recent Research in Korea
3. Scope and Objectives
PART I. Prioritization of Pharmaceuticals of Concern in Korean Environment
II. Are the Existing Ranking Systems for Chemicals Applicable to Pharmaceuticals, too?
1. Introduction
2. Overview of Prioritization Methodologies for Chemicals
A. CHEMS-1
B. EURAM
3. Conclusion
III. Prioritizing Pharmaceuticals for Aquatic Risk Assessment in Korea
1. Prioritizing Human Pharmaceutical Substances for Environmental Risk Management in Korea
A. Literature Review on Prioritization Tools
B. Data Collection and Coalition
2. Prioritization of Veterinary Medicines for Environmental Health Management in Korea
A. Introduction
B. Materials and Method
C. Results
D. Discussion
E. Conclusion
3. Preliminary List of Pharmaceuticals of Concern
PART II. Environmental Risk Assessment for Selected Antibiotics in Korean Aquatic Environment
IV. Environmental Occurrence of Selected Antibiotics in Han River basin
1. Identification of Candidate Antibiotic Substances
A. Measures Employed for Prioritization of Pharmaceuticals
B. Potential to Enter the Environment
C. Fate in the Environment
D. Ecotoxicity
E. Prioritization of Human and Veterinary Antibiotics
2. Analytical Method Development and Validation
A. Materials
B. Sampling and Sample Preparation
C. LC-ESI-Tandem MS Analysis System
D. Optimization of SPE Method
E. HPLC-ESI-Tandem-MS Method Development and Validation
3. Determination of Selected Antibiotics
A. Site Selection and Sampling
B. Sample Analysis
V. Acute Aquatic Toxicities of Selected Antibiotics
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
A. Chemicals
B. Bioassays
C. Statistical Analysis
3. Acute Aquatic Toxicities of the Selected Antibiotics
4. Implications and Future Challenges
VI. Environmental Risk Assessment for the Selected Antibiotics
1. Introduction
2. Environmental Risk Assessment for the Selected Antibiotics
A. Environmental Concentrations of Pharmaceuticals
B. Measured Environmental Concentrations of the Test Pharmaceuticals
C. Derivation of Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNECs) of Pharmaceuticals
D. Characterization of Environmental Risk
3. Challenges in Environmental Risk Assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Suggestions
A. Parameters that Influence Environmental Concentrations of Pharmaceuticals
B. Sensitive Measures of Biological Impact
C. Parameters to be Incorporated in Addressing Pharmaceuticals in the Environment
VII. Discussion and Conclusions
1. Summary of Findings
A. Review of the Existing Chemical Ranking and Scoring System
B. Prioritization of Pharmaceuticals of Concern in the Korean Environment
C. Risk Assessment of the Selected Antibiotics
2. Recommendations for Future Research
A. Parameters that Influence Environmental Concentrations of Pharmaceuticals
B. Use of an Integrated Exposure Model for Human and Veterinary Pharmaceuticals
C. Development of Sensitive Endpoints of Ecological Relevance
[Appendix] Human Pharmaceutical Substances Produced
7,000 kg in 2003
Abstract in Korean
Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.