조사분석 및 평가에 의한 산업폐기물 자원화 촉진을 위한 지원정책 방안 연구(3차년도)

Title
조사분석 및 평가에 의한 산업폐기물 자원화 촉진을 위한 지원정책 방안 연구(3차년도)
Authors
이희선; 오용선; 강만옥; 강영현; 주현수; 김윤성; 한미덕; 이강인
Issue Date
2003-06-30
Series/Report No.
수탁연구
URI
http://repository.kei.re.kr/handle/2017.oak/19566
Language
한국어
Abstract
S U M M A R Y I. Subject A study on the policies for supporting the improvement of recycling of industrial wastes by survey, analysis and estimation II. Backgrounds and objectives of research To establish the ordinary monitoring system and new policies for maximizing the industrial wastes recycling depending on the rapidly-changing social & economic condition the followings are needed. - The survey on the domestic stakeholders' interested fields & the demand - The analysis on the basic information to launch new policies based on individual category of the industrial wastes. - The adjustment on existing related laws & policies to activate ordinary monitoring system. - To get OECD & UNEP trend. Based on these comprehensive perspectives, it is necessary to have the concrete & systematical survey and analysis. - With this survey & analysis, it is important to suggest opinions in various perspectives to make government announce the new policies for promoting the recycling technology development. From these results, it is necessary to attract political supports in technological, systematic, economic, and social point of view by analyzing the obstructing factors of the industrial wastes recycling. III. Contents & scope of research Based on the technological target categories selected by "Industrial Waste Recycling R&D Center", the items of generating large volume and being applied to deposit-refund system were chosen. The seminar were held by participating Individual category professionals through research presentation & discussion. Interview of the international professionals and participation of international seminars. - By business trip, seminar, and workshop hosting, interview the related organization professionals and collect the information. IV. Research development result i. Analysis of Industrial wastes recycling obstruct factors through survey & seminar. - To develop the recycling industry in general, first, waste collection & transport system need to be provided. Second, by the financial support, the recycled resources and products should have a price competition. Third, to recycle waste from market place should be mandatory by manufacturers. Fourth, there should be the recycling technology improvement. At last, recycling product's purchasing power need to be increased by such as "public buying". - In the administrative perspective, it is necessary to have the wastes' permit license and declaration in new integrated system in more neutralized perspective from the prosecution to the technical assistant. ii. Update & carry out the related current laws & examination 1) Industrial wastes dissolution test reformation & waste classification. - Experiment by deciding Modified-KLT (M-KLT) - Although M-KLT's pH4, pH6, and TCLP exceed the criteria, KLT within it. So that, both steel making dust and the combustion fly ash are classified not general waste, but specified waste. - General waste process expenditure is ₩20,196/ton, and specified waste costs ₩65,410~85,400/ton. There are ₩45,214~65,204 differences, and with transport charges, the net cost gap gets bigger so that in case of ash, recycling cost will increase 4~5 times more if it is concerned as not general waste, but specified waste. 2) Comparison & analysis related to the industrial waste recycling laws. - t present, it is the purpose to reduce the wastes by charging the waste recycling expenditure to the business owner. However, the main group needs to be changed since there are no inducing solutions of the recycled product usage. - In administrative perspective, both the local environmental protection agency and the local governments have similar task so that they make confuse in administrative affairs. To improve the administrative guidance and supervision, reorganization of group, people, and professionalism are necessary as soon as possible. - To motivate recycling, there should be clear role guidance between central government and local government such as guidance, control & support for local government, and local government's inspection & support for central government. iii. EPR application by classification 1) Establishment of infra market for EPR application - For activating waste logistics, it is important to give the domestic & industrial waste producers that organized recycling system, more consumer-based deposit, specific waste duty, organized recycling information & transaction system, self-motivated policy, and apply laws in accurate. - In case of recycling technology market, financial support and activating ways of recycling technology development should be used for the engineers, resource limitation tax duty, the increase of new resources prices or government financial support for the resource producers to give the motivation to use recycled resources, and financial incentives for the manufacturers to induce environmentally-sound product. - In case of recycling sales market, distributors make an efforts to have the package regulation, the storage for package wastes, and to lower retail prices. Also, they need to expand market size by increasing demand, various usages, and green public buying. Customers need to select the less wastes and recycling available products. 2) Used Plastic A. Problem by analyzing recycling market through EPR application - Recycling market inactivation caused by integrated wastes. - In the perspective of current domestic recycling situation, it is difficult to classify the various natural endowments. - Non-government businessmen are not interest in recycling since there is no profit. - There are no guarantees on recycler profit and steady prices. - Lack of standardized RDF and demand causes energy recycling market inactivation. - Compare to new products, there is no price and quality competence. B. Policy for activating recycling - For activating recycling logistics, it is necessary to have the recycling complex and solve the administrative permission problems. Also, the policy need to be provided to financial support for local government and tax reduction causes lower operation costs, automatic waste classifying machine development and import causes technological improvement, and the changes in public tender application, recycling resources deposit policy causes steady market prices. - For recycling resources market activation, it is critical to give the incentives to manufacturer that uses recycling resources; the environmental taxation for new resources, public buying duty causes steady demand, quality control, and information shares. Also, to find the way to increase consumer's purchasing power by advertisement is necessary. - Co-related the recycling circle with standardized environmentally-friendly product design by the promotional policy. 3) Personal computer wastes A. PC logistics and recycling market - PC recycling rate in system is 32%. Usable 37%, combustion/landfill 35%, and export 28%. 68% recycled out of system. Although it is not accurate, the rate of recycling and reuse are about the same. B. Suggested policy for efficient EPR application - For establishing of information and management system, basic statistical data concerning on specific classification for waste collection at local government level and used PC export - Promotion for recycling in venous industry - support for financial/technological development, stabilization of recycling market, focus on CRT recycling which is not profitable in general market - Inducement of recycling in arterial industry - producer's liability for recycling, for example, standardization of product, use of same raw material, offer for product information, should be expanded 4) Spent batteries A. Analysis for ERP application in spent batteries - For organizing PRO, distinction should be existed because there is a huge difference between battery producer and related people in battery production according to the each battery type. B. Improvement of promoting the recycling of spent batteries - By forming battery collection union at whole country level and improving distribution system through modification of related laws and regulations. - Active public relation program and enforcement of education program through newspapers, radio, television and advertisement in internet 5) Spent tires A. Improvement of promoting recycling of spent tires - If producers pay for disposal cost to collection facilities out of system, the amount of spent tires out of system will be absorbed within system. - To change policy for generating heat by using spent tires, development of technology for synthetic resin fuel which can be used as secondary fuel at the cement furnace is prior to any other development plan. V. Practical use of the results of research A. The results of this research should be used in establishing waste management system and waste recycling policy. It also can be used in preparing international restriction of waste according to OECD, Bagel Convention, utilizing import-export policy of recycling wastes, and providing recycling technology of waste to general corporations. B. This results can not only be used in policy making, but also be applied to other researches. - Post-research should be initiated in government, related group, and university level by carrying out EPR policy since 2003. - This result also helps other post-researches by providing status, problems, and improvement method of each product. - Especially, to analyze the result of enforcement of EPR policy in post-researches, this result should be used very importantly.

Table Of Contents

Chapter 1. Introduction 17
1. Background and Purpose of the Study 17
2.. Scope and Methods of the Study 18

Chapter 2. Present State of the Generation and Recycling of Industrial Wastes 20
1. Present State of Recycling of Domestic Industrial Wastes 20
2. Present State of Recycling Technology for Wastes 24
3. Restriction of Industrial Waste Management through BAT and EQOs 38
4. System of Evaluation of Recycling Technology 48

Chapter 3. Analysis of Obstructing Factors for Recycling of Industrial Wastes 111
1. Analysis of Obstructing Factors through Questionnaire 111
2. Analysis of Obstructing Factors through Seminar 123

Chapter 4. International Trend Relating to Recycling Promotion 136
1. Basel Convention 136
2. OECD 143

Chapter 5. Update of Experimantal methods and Relating Laws 169
1. Improving Plans of Leaching Test 169
2. Comparison and Analysis of Laws relating to Recycling of Industrial Wastes 244

Chapter 6. Analysis and Introducing Plans for Improving Recycling of Wastes 346
1. Analysis of Theory of EPR 346
2. Present State of Introduction of EPR in Domestic and International Level 361
3. Administrative Infrastruction for applying to EPR 380
4. Analysis of Recycling Market 392
5. Economical Analysis of Each Item 396
6. Application of Each Item to EPR 491

Chapter 7. Plans for Policy 695

Chapter 8. Conclusion 705

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