도시지역의 수변녹지 조성 및 관리방안 연구

Abstract

The important task of preserving and protecting water quality in water supply areas is best facilitated through environmental-friendly management systems in adjacent waterzones, particularly through the formation of riparian buffers. Urban areas are of particular interest because their high contributions of pollution loading conflict with their low covering percentage in the watershed. This feature of the urban landscape requires that certain areas to be converted into riparian buffers in order to restrict pollution sources and purify non-point sources. The various functions of the riparian buffer in water supply areas include reducing non-point sources, assuaging the public's peace of mind, and improving the environment's esthetics. To be effective, any damaged riparian buffers in urban areas should be recovered and the existing ones maintained. The following policies are recommended in order to achieve such ends: 1. To form operative riparian buffers, designated areas in fixed distances from bodies of water or areas that affect water quality, or absolute protection zones, need to be established. The absolute protecting zone is to be determined by factors of slope, soil, vegetation, pollutant source, and proximity. However, if taking account of flood water levels, surrounding areas within 30m of important water supply areas and urban areas, which are exclusive riparian buffer areas, should also be included. 2. Priority in terms of water quality should be established for each land segment in order to promote efficient land acquisition within the riparian buffer and formation of vegetation. High priority areas should be dealt with preferentially and environment-friendly land management should be considered. 3. To establish legal bases for waterside zone management, independent laws and amendments to existing laws, such as 'Urban Planning Act' or 'River Act', that are related to the formation of riparian buffers should be introduced. The regulations should include appointment of riparian buffers (absolute protection zones), management (planting, land disturbance, overseeing of the impermeable layer, excavation, septic tank drainage, farming) and so on. 4. The management of the riparian buffer (absolute protecting zone) should focus on pollution source limitation and environmental protection within the buffer and outside as well. Thus, rainfall runoff in the direction of the riparian buffer zone has to flow, not in the waterway-type, but the thin flat-type, and the buffer should be able to direct ground water as well. 5. The waterside buffer also has to be analyzed and managed based on the watershed unit, because considering the riparian buffer alone limits the capacity of pollution reduction, protection of the ecosystem and water volume preservation. The riparian buffer by itself should not be completely depended upon as a controlling non-point source; it needs to be combined with appropriate controls of the watershed pollution source and instruments to restrict runoff. Although it can improve certain non-point sources, the riparian buffer should be considered and implemented as a part of larger conservation and regulatory plan.