전자상거래의 확산에 따른 유통산업의 구조변화와 환경영향

Abstract

Environmental implications of electronic commerce in the Korean distribution sector Through development of Information and Communication Industry, Korean is being faced to Social and Economic Changes. One of them come from Korean Distribution Sector. Launched in 1995 and 1996, TV Home-Shopping and Internet Shopping-Mall lead structural change in distribution sector. Especially, Korean society takes new technologies as a chance to restructure. According to Business Association for Electronic Commerce in Korea, the market for e-commerce will develop by 2010 and over and takes 10% of distribution sector in Korea. In order to have an impact of Electronic Commerce on environment, this study compares traditional commerce with electronic commerce. As a result, there are two significant comparisons. One is in transport field and another is in Land-use. The impact of e-commerce on transport : Online Shopping has relevant consequences on passenger transport demands. In some cases, online shopping eliminates any kind of physical transport. In other cases, transport of goods is still necessary but the journeys to shops are eliminated or reduced. In Seoul metropolitan area, we estimate the impact of traditional market customers on transport and compare this with the impact of online company's delivery services. Online Shopping is less pollutant than traditional market customers based on data of 2003 in Korea. In land-use case, e-commerce use more efficiently than traditional markets. In fact, two major e-commerce companies get 5 to 30 times more sales than three major traditional distribution companies with the same land. These results are not sufficient to qualify e-commerce as a eco-friendly distribution sector because there exist other negative effects of e-commerce such as 'reverse logistics' and 'resource waste or over-use'. Even though we have no relevant proof, we can make some policy recommendation of e-commerce. It is because we know the relationship between environment and e-commerce from different studies(including this study). Firstly, the role of delivery increases during e-commerce grow-up. Especially, the nature of transport vehicle is crucial for environmental result. Another important point is how to reduce 'reverse logistics' of e-commerce. Now a days, the cooperative commerce is announced as one of the efficient solutions. Lastly, e-commerce gives more possibilities to consumer about information of goods. With this point, policy can encourage companies to voluntary environmental management.