지하유류저장 탱크의 관리강화 방안

DC Field Value Language
dc.contributor.author 김미정 -
dc.date.accessioned 2017-07-05T01:34:52Z -
dc.date.available 2017-07-05T01:34:52Z -
dc.date.issued 20031230 -
dc.identifier A 환1185 2003 RE-15 -
dc.identifier.uri http://repository.kei.re.kr/handle/2017.oak/19122 -
dc.identifier.uri http://library.kei.re.kr/dmme/img/001/003/001/[03_RE15]지하유류저장탱크(김미정)1.pdf -
dc.description.abstract This study aims to assess whether the risk of soil and groundwater contamination is mitigated by the current Oil UST management in Korea, and suggests some improvement measures for the UST management, if necessary. Current regulations and programs relevant through the whole life cycle of the UST, such as construction, installation, operation, and disclosure in Korea were reviewed. Also, regulation of the UST systems in advanced countries, such as the United States and European nations, were evaluated. The objective of this study is the petroleum manufacturing and storage facilities among the 'Primary Soil Contamination Facilities', which is mainly gas stations. The USTs of gas stations are regulated basically by the 'Fire Protection Act', in which they are classified into the category of the 'hazardous material manufacturers'. In addition, these facilities are placed on the list of the 'Primary Soil Contamination Facility' by the 'Soil Environment Conservation Act' in order to control the soil contamination due to oil release. Regarding the status and problems of the current UST management, following findings were revealed. First, although Korea provides requirements for new USTs concerning corrosion, spill, overfill protection, and leak detection seemingly equivalent to those in the United States and EU member states, the detailed provisions are still at an insufficient level. i) Only installation of the leak detection system, excluding the leak detection monitoring, is required. There is no requirement for the regular tests This study aims to assess whether the risk of soil and groundwater contamination is mitigated by the current Oil UST management in Korea, and suggests some improvement measures for the UST management, if necessary. Current regulations and programs relevant through the whole life cycle of the UST, such as construction, installation, operation, and disclosure in Korea were reviewed. Also, regulation of the UST systems in advanced countries, such as the United States and European nations, were evaluated. The objective of this study is the petroleum manufacturing and storage facilities among the 'Primary Soil Contamination Facilities', which is mainly gas stations. The USTs of gas stations are regulated basically by the 'Fire Protection Act', in which they are classified into the category of the 'hazardous material manufacturers'. In addition, these facilities are placed on the list of the 'Primary Soil Contamination Facility' by the 'Soil Environment Conservation Act' in order to control the soil contamination due to oil release. Regarding the status and problems of the current UST management, following findings were revealed. First, although Korea provides requirements for new USTs concerning corrosion, spill, overfill protection, and leak detection seemingly equivalent to those in the United States and EU member states, the detailed provisions are still at an insufficient level. i) Only installation of the leak detection system, excluding the leak detection monitoring, is required. There is no requirement for the regular tests Secondly, to reinforce programs for supervising the tank construction and installation, a program ensuring the tank quality should be provided either by reinforcing the current inspection called a tank safety test, or by introducing a new inspection. In addition, training and certification requirements for all personnel involved in the UST system installation activities, or qualified oversight, should be introduced to avoid a poorly conducted UST system installation. Third, to prepare a system in which gas stations can manage contamination caused by the USTs - the contents of the voluntary agreement signed by the Ministry of Environment and oil refinery companies need to be more specific, and supervision process to check the companies' compliance with the agreement should be established. Meanwhile, a program allowing independent gas stations to properly manage the USTs should be introduced. Fourth, miscellaneous things, such as effective division of responsibility and cooperation of regulatory agencies, education of UST owners and operators, construction of data on UST facilities, also should be implemented. -
dc.description.tableofcontents 서 언 <br>국문요약 <br> <br>제1장 서론 1 <br> 1. 연구배경 및 필요성 2 <br> 2. 국내 선행연구 내용 3 <br> 3. 연구목표 및 내용 5 <br> <br>제2장 국내 지하유류저장탱크 관리에 관한 규정 및 제도 7 <br> 1. 지하유류저장탱크시설 현황 및 관리에 관한 법령 7 <br> 2. 시설기준 및 토양환경보전법상 관련 규정 15 <br> 가. 지하유류저장탱크 시설기준 15 <br> 나. 토양오염검사 21 <br> 3. 소방법상의 기타 규정 및 제도 26 <br> 가. 탱크제작과 품질보장 27 <br> 나. 탱크안전성능검사 27 <br> 다. 형식시험 28 <br> 라. 시공감독 29 <br> 마. 오염예방을 위한 탱크관리 29 <br> 바. 시설변경 및 용도폐지 31 <br> <br>제3장 국내 지하유류저장탱크 관리 현황 32 <br> 1. 오염방지시설 설치 32 <br> 가. 부식산화방지시설 32 <br> 나. 흘림/넘침 방지시설 34 <br> 다. 확산방지를 위한 누출감지 시설 34 <br> 2. 주유소의 탱크관리 35 <br> 가. 직영주유소와 자영주유소 35 <br> 나. 정유회사와 환경부간의 자발적 협약 38 <br> 3. 지하유류저장탱크의 누유발생과 누유감지 39 <br> 가. 토양오염검사에 의한 누유감지 39 <br> 나. 실제 누유발생 현황 43 <br> <br>제4장 미국의 지하유류저장탱크 관리 48 <br> 1. 관련규정 및 제도 49 <br> 가. 업그레이드 프로그램에 의한 오염방지시설의 종류와 설치기준 49 <br> 나. 업그레이드 프로그램에 의한 기타 요건 58 <br> 다. 기타 제도 61 <br> 2. 관리현황 64 <br> 가. UST Upgrade Progr -
dc.description.tableofcontents iv<br>차 례<br>서 언<br>국문요약<br>제1장 서론 ········································································································· 1<br>1. 연구배경 및 필요성 ··················································································· 2<br>2. 국내 선행연구 내용 ··················································································· 3<br>3. 연구목표 및 내용 ······················································································ 5<br>제2장 국내 지하유류저장탱크 관리에 관한 규정 및 제도 ······························ 7<br>1. 지하유류저장탱크시설 현황 및 관리에 관한 법령 ···································· 7<br>2. 시설기준 및 토양환경보전법상 관련 규정 ············································· 15<br>가. 지하유류저장탱크 시설기준 ································································ 15<br>나. 토양오염검사 ······················································································ 21<br>3. 소방법상의 기타 규정 및 제도 ································································ 26<br>가. 탱크제작과 품질보장 ·········································································· 27<br>나. 탱크안전성능검사 ··············································································· 27<br>다. 형식시험 ····························································································· 28<br>라. 시공감독 ····························································································· 29<br>마. 오염예방을 위한 탱크관리 ································································· 29<br>바. 시설변경 및 용도폐지 ········································································ 31<br>제3장 국내 지하유류저장탱크 관리 현황 ··················································· 32<br>1. 오염방지시설 설치 ··················································································· 32<br>가. 부식산화방지시설 ··············································································· 32<br>나. 흘림/넘침 방지시설 ··········································································· 34<br>다. 확산방지를 위한 누출감지 시설 ························································· 34<br>2. 주유소의 탱크관리 ················································································· 35<br>가. 직영주유소와 자영주유소 ································································· 35<br>나. 정유회사와 환경부간의 자발적 협약 ·················································· 38<br>3. 지하유류저장탱크의 누유발생과 누유감지 ·············································· 39<br>가. 토양오염검사에 의한 누유감지 ·························································· 39<br>나. 실제 누유발생 현황 ············································································ 43<br>제4장 미국의 지하유류저장탱크 관리 ···························································· 48<br>1. 관련규정 및 제도 ···················································································· 49<br>가. 업그레이드 프로그램에 의한 오염방지시설의 종류와 설치기준 ········ 49<br>나. 업그레이드 프로그램에 의한 기타 요건 ············································· 58<br>다. 기타 제도 ··························································································· 61<br>2. 관리현황 ·································································································· 64<br>가. UST Upgrade Program 이행과 집행 ················································· 64<br>나. 주유소의 참여 ···················································································· 67<br>다. 지하유류저장탱크의 누유발생과 누유감지 ········································· 68<br>제5장 유럽의 지하유류저장탱크 관리 ···························································· 77<br>1. 각국의 시설기준 ······················································································ 78<br>가. 오스트리아 ························································································· 78<br>나. 벨기에 ································································································ 79<br>다. 덴마크 ································································································ 81<br>라. 핀란드 ································································································ 81<br>마. 프랑스 ································································································ 82<br>바. 독일 ···································································································· 83<br>사. 그리스 ································································································ 83<br>아. 이탈리아 ····························································································· 83<br>자. 룩셈부르크 ························································································· 85<br>차. 네덜란드 ····························································································· 85<br>카. 스페인 ································································································ 86<br>2. 지하유류저장탱크에 의한 지하수 오염 현황 ··········································· 89<br>가. 덴마크 ································································································ 89<br>나. 핀란드 ································································································ 90<br>다. 프랑스 ································································································ 90<br>라. 독일 ···································································································· 90<br>마. 스웨덴 ································································································ 91<br>바. 영국 ···································································································· 91<br>3. 유럽과 미국의 비교 ··················································································· 92<br>제6장 현행 지하유류저장탱크 관리의 문제점 및 개선방향 ·························· 95<br>1. 현행 지하유류저장탱크 관리 문제점 ······················································· 95<br>가. 시설 기준 ··························································································· 95<br>나. 토양오염검사 ···················································································· 100<br>다. 탱크제작부터 용도폐지까지 관련제도 ············································· 104<br>라. 주유소의 환경오염관리 ····································································· 107<br>2. 개선방향 및 세부개선방안 ····································································· 109<br>가. 오염방지조치 등의 시설기준 강화 ·················································· 109<br>나. 탱크제작 및 시공 관리강화 ······························································ 113<br>다. 주유소의 오염위험관리 향상을 위한 제도 마련 ······························· 115<br>라. 기타 관리강화 방향 ·········································································· 118<br>제7장 요약 및 결론 ······················································································· 124<br>1. 지하유류저장탱크관리 현황 및 문제점 ················································ 124<br>2. 개선방향 및 세부개선방안 ····································································· 126<br>3. 연구내용의 한계와 향후과제 ································································· 129<br>참고문헌 ········································································································ 130<br>Abstract ········································································································· 135 -
dc.format.extent 137p. -
dc.language 한국어 -
dc.publisher 한국환경정책·평가연구원 -
dc.title 지하유류저장 탱크의 관리강화 방안 -
dc.type 기본연구 -
dc.title.original Improvement of the Oil UST Management Program -
dc.title.partname 연구보고서 -
dc.title.partnumber 2003-15 -
dc.description.keyword 자연환경 -
dc.description.bibliographicalintroduction 본 연구의 목표는 현행 지하유류저장탱크 관리가 지하유류저장탱크 누유에 의한 토양 및 지하수의 오염을 사전에 예방하고 최소화하는 측면에서 미흡한 점이 무엇인 지 파악하고 이에 따른 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 국내에서 탱크가 제작, 설치, 관 리, 그리고 용도폐지되는 전 과정에 관련한 규정 및 제도를 고찰하였고, 미국 및 유럽 국가들의 관리내용을 검토하였다. 연구는 토양환경보전법에 의하여 지정되고 관리되는 특정토양오염유발시설 중 석 유류의 제조 및 저장시설, 그 중에서도 주유소를 주요 대상으로 수행되었다. 국내 주 유소 지하유류저장탱크는 기본적으로 소방법상의 ‘위험물 제조소 등’으로 관리되나, 소방법에서 다룰 수 없는 동 시설로 인한 토양오염 관리의 필요성으로 토양오염토양 환경보전법에서도 동 시설을 ‘특정토양오염유발시설’로서 관리하고 있다. 지하유류저장탱크관리의 현황 및 문제점은 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 지하유류저장탱크의 현행 시설기준은 미국 및 다수의 EC회원국가들과 대동 소이하게 부식 및 산화방지시설, 누유감지 시설, 넘침 및 흘림방지 시설에 대한 규정 을 포함하고 있지만 세부적인 내용은 이들 국가에 비하여 미흡하다. i) 우리나라는 누 유감지시설 설치를 의무화하고 있을 뿐 모니터링 실시에 관한 규정이 전혀 없으며, 누유감지 시설은 물론 탱크 및 배관에 대한 검사에 대한 규정이 없다. 외국 선진국가 들이 secondary containment와 누유감지 모니터링 중 한가지 이상을 엄격히 규정하 고 있는 것에 비해 우리나라는 두 가지 측면에서 모두 미흡한 기준을 두고 있다. ii) 배관의 부식 및 접합부분에 의한 누유가 가장 빈번한 것으로 알려지고 있는 상황임에 도 불구하고 우리나라는 배관에 관한 규정이 매우 부족하다. iii) 이미 설치된 기존의 지하유류저장탱크에 적용할 수 있는 개선조치 등의 규정이 없다. 둘째, 토양환경보전법상으로 정하여 시행하고 있는 토양오염검사는 검사방법 자체 가 지니고 있는 한계로 인하여 지하유류저장탱크의 누유 등에 의한 토양오염 예방에 효과가 낮은 것으로 나타난다. 셋째, 탱크가 제대로 제작되고 설치되는지를 확인할 수 있는 관련법이나 제도가 미 흡하다. 탱크 매설시에 실시하는 탱크안전성능시험이 탱크의 결함 및 하자를 확인하 는 유일한 검사이자 동시에 시공 중에 실시되는 유일한 현장감독에 해당한다. 넷째, 2002년도에 환경부와 5대 정유회사간에 체결한 자발적 협약의 내용 및 정유 회사의 이행을 점검하기 위한 구체적 계획이 구체적으로 수립되어 있지 않다. 한편, 자영주유소 및 수입석유를 판매하는 소수의 주유소의 지하유류저장탱크 관리는 자체 역량이 상대적으로 부족한 실정이다. 이상 지적된 현행 지하유류저장탱크 관리의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 개선방향을 크게 4가지로 제안하였다. 첫째, 현행 오염방지조치 등 시설기준을 강화하는 것이다. 둘째, 지하유류저장탱크의 제작에서부터 설치까지 과정에 관련된 제도를 강화하는 것이다. 셋째, 주유소가 지하유류저장탱크로 인한 오염위험을 제대로 관리할 수 있는 제도를 마련하는 것이다. 넷째, 지하유류저장탱크 관리를 강화하기 위한 기타 개선방 안들이다. 이에 따른 개선방안은 다음과 같이 제안하였다. 첫째, 오염방지조치 등 시설기준 강화 - 신규시설의 시설기준을 강화하고, 기존시 설에 대한 개선조치를 수립하여야 하며, 토양오염검사를 탱크 및 배관 검사로 대체한 다. 둘째, 탱크제작 및 시공 관리강화 - 최근에 실시되기 시작한 형식승인시험을 의무 화하거나 기타 방법을 통하여 탱크품질을 보장하는 제도를 마련한다. 또한, 지하유류 저장탱크의 올바른 설치 및 유지?관리도 오염방지 향상에 중요한 요소이므로 시공 감독을 현재보다 훨씬 강화한다. 셋째, 주유소의 오염위험관리 향상을 위한 제도 마련 - 현재 실시중인 환경부와 정 유회사간의 자발적협약의 내용 및 정유회사의 협약 이행여부를 파악하기 위한 계획 을 구체적으로 수립한다. 한편, 자영주유소의 토양오염위험 관리를 지원하기 위하여 정유회사에 의한 주유소관리, 그리고 정부(또는 지자체)와 비직영주유소간의 자발적 협약 등을 포함하여 가능한 방안을 수립한다. 넷째, 기타 관리강화 방향 - i) 담당부처의 상호협조 및 관련법령의 상호보완이 필 요하다. 소방기관이 시설의 허가, 감독, 검사 등의 실무를 담당하도록 하고, 환경부는 소방법상 환경오염 측면에서 미비한 점을 토양환경보전법에서 보완하며 제반 업무를 총괄하는 식의 공조가 바람직하다. ii) 주유소 소유?운영자에 대한 토양오염관리 교 육이 필요하다. iii) 현황자료의 구축이 필요하다. 지하유류저장탱크 관리 프로그램을 개발하고 실시하기 위해서는 전국의 지하유류저장시설의 누유감지 및 방지시설의 설 치유무와 시설운용 현황을 즉시 파악할 수 있는 시스템을 가지는 것이 우선이다. -
dc.contributor.authoralternativename Kim Mi-Jeong -
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