환경정보체계에 기반한 공간환경계획 수립 가이드라인 마련

Abstract

Spatial Environmental Planning Guidelines based on Environmental Information Systems This study seeks to understand the implications of the Korean government’s strategic vision of “Low Carbon, Green Growth” from the viewpoint of national and regional planning, and suggests guidelines for spatial environmental planning based on environmental information systems. Furthermore, the study provides policy suggestions concerning the appropriate priority hierarchies and content of urban and environmental planning in order to enhance the role and position of spatial environmental planning therein. Issues with current environmental planning were summarized as follows: For content, planning has remained largely program-oriented, and conceptual rather than practical. Environmental planning also continues to focus on post-facto cleanup of pollution rather than prevention, and lacks strong links with spatial planning. With respect to use of existing spatial information, major issues included limitations on spatial information and inadequate mapping, discrepancies in environmental protection within regions, and inconsistencies between spatial information and the time frame of planning. Response to and compliance with court ordered plans at the municipal level was also found to be inadequate. This study examined environmental information systems established by national and local governments, and found that environmental information provided by institutions at the national level, i.e. divisions of the national government and affiliated institutions, maintained a certain degree of uniformity and consistency, with such info being significantly less accurate at the local and municipal level. Environmental information provided by local governments can at times be more detailed with respect to local environmental conditions, but on the whole, disparities in the time and method of preparation, as well as the scale thereof between regions preclude consistency and uniformity in the information available. This study suggests guidelines to improve spatial environmental planning. To this end, this study suggests prior analysis of the environmental issues within a locality and the establishment of environmental priorities through collection of the opinions of stakeholders in the region. By understanding the relationships between local environmental issues and spatial planning information, planning items can be designated for each sector within the spatial plan. Nine planning items in three environmental sectors were designated as follows, and guidelines for drafting descriptions of the current spatial environment as well as spatial management plans were set forth in consideration of applicable information with respect to each item. - Natural environment: Natural ecology, natural landscape, soil/ground water, coast/islands -Living environment: Air/micro climate, water, noise/vibration/odor, energy/ waste - Social environment: Urban disaster management In order to determine applicability to the guidelines set forth herein, spatial environmental information and management plans for three planning items (natural ecology, soil, and water) were established for the study region, Dangjin county. Finally, policy suggestions with respect to the priority hierarchy and content of urban and environmental planning were provided to enhance spatial environmental planning. With respect to hierarchies of environmental planning, spatial environmental plans will need to have the same legally binding effect as urban master plans and urban management plans. Furthermore, policy will need to enable the use of spatial planning as a basis for assessment of the feasibility of locations for development projects and the propriety of their plans. In terms of content, amendment of relevant laws is advised to give higher priority to spatial planning in the process of establishing an urban master plan. Moreover, by providing precise guidelines for spatial planning, spatial planning can be more practically reflected in land use plans. Policy suggestions from national and local governments were also provided so that local governments can autonomously apply spatial environmental planning. The national government can offer general guidelines for spatial environmental planning available for local governments and develop detailed planning methods for items in each sector. Furthermore, the central government can amend and complement relevant laws and guidelines to ensure the feasibility of spatial environmental planning. Finally, it should provide various kinds of spatial information on environmental items and provide support to manage such items in an integrated and efficient manner. Local governments can then provide spatial information on environmental items at the municipal level to be used along with spatial information offered by national government. Furthermore, local governments can also seek out ways to proactively apply spatial planning when drafting their development plans. They can also provide public access to existing information on spatial planning for their regions, and continue to upgrade such information as needed. Finally, local governments will need to secure a sufficient budget to establish spatial planning.