미래 녹색도시 구현을 위한 복합기능 도시습지의 복원 및 조성 방안 연구 II

Abstract

Recently, multi-functional urban wetlands have become a crucial factor in construction of a future ecocity to improve heavy land use of current cities, particularly since these wetlands absorb precipitation and reduce urban run-offs as well as play a role as a biotope. A multi-functional wetland is a factor of the water circulating system in an ecocity. In this study, we determined it as the urban wetland composed and/or interrelated with the wetlands, ponds and water retentions of point amenities, with the streams and watercourse of line amenities, and with the wetland parks of dimensional amenities. In Korea, there has been neither a concrete and precise guideline so far nor relevant laws and regulatory schemes for water circulation systems in its city development. In contrast, a county like Australia has established a precise guideline in its regulation schemes to enhance flood control, to facilitate rain retention and to provide hydrophilic spaces in urban area. Subsequently, we developed a restoration and creation plan for multi-functional urban wetlands including a precise guideline in preparation for construction of a future ecocity. In doing so, we are trying to promote a plan of restoration and creation for multi-functional urban wetlands and water circulation systems in Korea. This study developed a guideline for restoration and creation of multi-functional urban wetlands. It is composed of three parts; a fundamental guideline, a restoration and creation guideline of multi-functional urban wetlands based upon water circulation systems and that of wetlands not based upon water circulation systems. There are eight principles and direction of the guideline; a) restoration and creation of multi-functional urban wetlands should be executed in a way of protecting or preserving its natural functions and ecological process, b) the orders of decision-making of restoration and creation of multi-functional urban wetlands should proceed as follows: preservation of wetlands > restoration of impaired wetlands > enhancement of impaired wetlands > creation of wetlands, c) consideration of its watershed as well as urban development area, d) maximum maintenance of natural hydrologic processes, e) restoration and creation of multi-functional urban wetlands should be processed in a way that natural ecosystem structures and ecological function should act completely or almost so, f) restoration and creation of multi-functional urban wetlands should be processed in a way that their visual, social, cultural and ecological values should be enhanced by storing water in urban greens, g) participation and consideration of stakeholders in city development, h) consideration in advance of maintenance costs and responsible organizations after restoration and creation of multi-functional urban wetlands. In order to realize the restoration and creation guideline of multi-functional urban wetlands, we proposed several reformations of current relevant guidelines and laws. These include the plans for wide-range urban development, fundamental urban development, urban management, area-specific urban management and environmental management, as well as the guidelines of sustainable new city development plan, urban development plan for construction of low carbon green city, eco-dimension ratio rule and environmental conservation planning. This study is valuable and should be emphasized in terms of establishing concrete grounds for the construction of a future ecocity. It provides essential guidelines and reformation plans of current regulatory laws. This will enable not only the promotion of the lives of city dwellers and global competitiveness of our cities, but also the reduction of heat island effects and routine practices of urban development of current high-carbon and high-density city.