환경성 평가에 있어서 서식지 조사 및 보전방안

Abstract

A Framework for Incorporating Wildlife Habitat Survey and Conservation Measures in Environmental Assessment Fauna and flora surveys have been conducted to identify endangered species distribution and critical habitat near project sites and their surroundings, these are used to estimate habitat changes and to provide mitigation measures related to development project. Current ecological survey guidelines described general requirements on species of concern, range boundaries and documentation, but detailed informations for habitat survey are rarely determined by field experts, habitat survey comprehensive plan, and adaptive negotiations among different stakeholders. The primary purpose of this study is to propose the fauna survey manual, suggesting that systematic approaches on identification of focal species, selection of survey routes, and stepwise procedures of each phase. The specification of habitat survey is a standard way for field experts to determine optimal monitoring hours and survey routes of each target species, after all the recorded species had been evaluated with conservation priority. All species are divided into three categories - 1) the common species, 2) ecologically important species, 3) legally protected species. Different levels of wildlife habitat survey are conducted by three categories. For example, habitat characteristics and threatened factors should be included in the survey plan for endangered species, as well as occurrence and distribution range. Every species and taxonomic groups has different activities season, so habitat survey plan is more appropriate to select breeding season for wildlife species, in their territories. Selection of target species, survey routes, and hours in the sites are important to assess wildlife habitats by development projects. Moreover, survey methods, including number and reliability of survey sites, line transects, area-based and grid-based surveys, should be generally evaluated for two case studies. The application of grid-based habitat survey against linear projects (i.e., road construction) and areal projects (i.e., golf course development) said that grid-based surveys provides standardized habitat delineation and high-quality habitat derived from each grid in development sites. This study also focus on the forms and procedures for fauna. At first, habitat survey begin with literature, documentation and existed species distirbution maps. Draft habitat survey is important to establish in-situ faunal data collection plan. Comprehensive plans on mitigation measures and monitoring techniques, including habitat map delineations and conservation strategies, should be implemented to assess the environmental effects of development projects. In summary, ranking system of wildlife species to quantify habitat change, grid-based approach in habitat survey, in-situ habitat survey plan, and survey procedures related to development projects should be comprehensively applied into the environmental assessment regulations and techniques.